注意
本文最后更新于 2024-05-18,文中内容可能已过时。
父子组件传值
父组件向子组件传值
defineProps
父组件
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<script setup lang="ts">
import { onMounted, ref } from 'vue'
import TestView from '../views/TestView.vue'
let imgUrl = ref<string>()
onMounted(async ()=>{
const response = await fetch('https://api.waifu.pics/sfw/waifu')
const json = await response.json()
imgUrl.value = json.url;
})
</script>
<template>
<div>
<TestView :url="imgUrl"/>
</div>
</template>
<style></style>
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子组件
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<script setup lang="ts">
import { defineProps, toRef, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
url:String
})
watch(()=>props.url,(newVal,oldVal)=>{
console.log(newVal);
},{
flush:'post'
})
// watchEffect(()=>{
// console.log(props.url);
// })
</script>
<template>
<img :src="url" width="100px" height="100px"/>
<div>{{ url }}</div>
</template>
<style scoped ></style>
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上面用watch函数就是因为刚开始还没获取数据,props是undefined的,这时候如果在子组件中直接输出props内容,会显示undefined.在数据获取到后,props才会有值
也就是说,props是会发生一次变化的,那就正好符合watch函数的特性了,我们利用watch函数就能获取到这个props的新值了
子组件向父组件传值
defineEmits
子组件
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<script setup lang="ts">
const emit = defineEmits(['even','change'])
/**
* //这里的数组里面写的字符串是事件名,如下,低一个按钮利用even事件传递对象数组数据,第二个按钮利用change事件传递
* // 字符串数据,父组件使用感@even和@change 接收
*/
let send = () => {
emit('even', [
{
name: 'meow',
age: 12
},
{
name: 'sss',
age: 20
},
{
name: 'sfasdfasdf',
age: 3434
}
])
}
let sned2 = ()=>{
emit('change',"meowrian")
}
</script>
<template>
<div>子集</div>
<button @click="send">Send</button>
<button @click="sned2">Send2</button>
</template>
<style scoped></style>
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父组件
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<script setup lang="ts">
import TestView from '../views/TestView.vue'
const getName = (objsArray:Object[])=>{
for(let obj of objsArray) {
console.log(obj);
}
}
const getName2 = (name:string)=>{
console.log(name);
}
</script>
<template>
<div>
<TestView @even="getName" @change="getName2"/>
</div>
</template>
<style></style>
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子组件向父组件暴露方法和属性
defineExpose
子组件
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<script setup lang="ts">
defineExpose({name:"meowrain"})
</script>
<template>
<div class="box">
<p>子组件</p>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.box {
width:200px;
height:200px;
background-color: aquamarine;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
</style>
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父组件
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<script setup lang="ts">
import {onMounted, ref} from 'vue'
import TestView from '../views/TestView.vue'
const testView = ref<InstanceType<typeof TestView>>();
onMounted(()=>{
console.log(testView.value?.name);
})
</script>
<template>
<div class="parentBox">
<TestView ref="testView"/>
</div>
</template>
<style>
.parentBox {
width:400px;
height:400px;
background-color: tomato;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
</style>
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使用onMounted函数是为了获取值,因为我们必须在子组件mounted之后,才能拿到值